Anabolic Steroids Essays - Anabolic Steroids, Exercise Physiology

Anabolic Steroids Essays - Anabolic Steroids, Exercise Physiology Anabolic Steroids Steroids are a very harmful and illegal substance that is very bad for the human body. Anabolic Steroids are hormones that mimic the effects of testosterone, the male hormone released by the testes. This particular type of steroid can be very dangerous to those who use them to get larger muscle mass for sports or body building contest. There are studies that show steroids cause a wide variety of health issues such as, muscle dysmorphia, in teenagers it can cause severe acne, hair loss, infertility, male breast development, violent mood swings and paranoia. Steroids can also stunt growth of the human body. When anabolic steroids are taken in prescribed doses it is because a male adolescent does not produce sufficient testosterone, even in this prescribed case an adolescent can still develop numerous side effects from the steroids. More commonly known as ?gym candy? and ?Juice? those are the street names for substance when being sold too people on the streets, but the main people using them are teens and middle school kids either trying too get bigger for a sport or just for there own use like to get bigger.Steroids cause people who use them too have mood swings called ?Roid rage? that?s an out burst of anger and aggressive behaviors and also forgetfulness and trouble sleeping as well those are the side effects of using this drug. Therefore, if a person is taking non-prescribed anabolic steroids the risk for danger and detrimental health problems only becomes more prevalent. ?Dr. Walder who is a Medicine professor and part of the effort to educate the public about the dangers of anabolic steroids says, ?There can be whole panoply of side effects, even with prescribed doses.? Some are visible to the naked eye and some are internal. ?Recent surveys have shown that 2.8% of 8th graders, 3.5% of 10th graders, and 3 .5 % of 12th graders (Drug Facts) have reported using steroids at one point in their lives.? It is amazing what athletes will do to achieve higher levels of performance and to sometimes get the extra edge on the competition. The cost for a test to be done would cost between $50 and $100 for high schools but only about 13 percent of the schools actually test for steroid?s, ?coach Bobby Barnes who had only coached his team for nine weeks was surprised as anyone when the police swept down on the practice field one day in September of 2003 it was the first time that it ever had came up? Barnes told Newsweek.But this use of steroids among athletes only became widely apparent when Canadian sprint runner Ben Johnson tested positive for steroid use after winning the gold medal for the one hundred-meter dash during the 1988 Olympics were he ran a 9.79 he was the worlds fastest man a Canadian hero in less then 10 seconds, now a days teenager kids can just walk down to the local gym and buy st eroids or find somebody who knows a person who is selling them and can get in contact with them. Some people think and believe that steroids should be kept legal, because it is the decision of the person to take the drug, and that steroids are not causing a problem in society. Alcohol and cigarettes are consumed by millions of people, causing a lot of harm and effects on their bodies, but there has never been a ban on these things because of the dangers that they can cause.A lot of people say that the reason for the wide spread use of steroids is because of the athletes, and that makes the young athletes think that they need too take them too get too the next level so they?ll perform better if they were either bigger or stronger. Men aren?t the only ones using steroids women are also using them too, the doses the women are taking of the steroids could have a lot of dangerous side effects on them like irregularities in their menstrual cycle that?s just one of the short term effects of the drug long term effect haven?t been determined yet. Even with all of the effects steroids have its still commonly used by the athletes

How to Make a Histogram in 7 Simple Steps

How to Make a Histogram in 7 Simple Steps A histogram is a type of graph that is used in statistics. This kind of graph uses vertical bars to display quantitative data.  The heights of the bars indicate the frequencies or relative frequencies of values in our data set. Although any basic software can construct a histogram, it is important to know what your computer is doing behind the scenes when it produces a histogram. The following walks through the steps that are used to construct a histogram.  With these steps, we could construct a histogram by hand. Classes or Bins Before we draw our histogram, there are some preliminaries that we must do.  The initial step involves some basic summary statistics from our data set.   First, we find the highest and lowest data value in the set of data. From these numbers, the range can be computed by subtracting the minimum value from the maximum value. We next use the range to determine the width of our classes.  There is no set rule, but as a rough guide, the range should be divided by five for small sets of data and 20 for larger sets. These numbers will give a class width or bin width. We may need to round this number and/or use some common sense. Once the class width is determined, we choose a class that will include the minimum data value. We then use our class width to produce subsequent classes, stopping when we have produced a class that includes the maximum data value. Frequency Tables Now that we have determined our classes, the next step is to make a table of frequencies. Begin with a column that lists the classes in increasing order. The next column should have a tally for each of the classes. The third column is for the count or frequency of data in each class. The final column is for the relative frequency of each class. This indicates what proportion of the data is in that particular class. Drawing the Histogram Now that we have organized our data by classes, we are ready to draw our histogram. Draw a horizontal line. This will be where we denote our classes.Place evenly spaced marks along this line that correspond to the classes.Label the marks so that the scale is clear and give a name to the horizontal axis.Draw a vertical line just to the left of the lowest class.Choose a scale for the vertical axis that will accommodate the class with the highest frequency.Label the marks so that the scale is clear and give a name to the vertical axis.Construct bars for each class. The height of each bar should correspond to the frequency of the class at the base of the bar.  We can also use relative frequencies for the heights of our bars.

How can Human Resources protect an organization from the risks and Essay

How can Human Resources protect an organization from the risks and liabilities associated with HR Technology and Digital Communications - Essay Example Human resource management is a company’s first contact point with its employees because it is the arm of the company that recruits and as such it is in a good position to train them on how to use its technology and digital communications responsibly. User training is important in protecting organizations from the risks and liabilities associated with human resource management technology and digital communications because many of these risks arise from their inappropriate use (Baldwin, 2010). The human resource department should train employees on the organization’s acceptable-use policy for its digital machines and software applications. Important areas that this training can touch on include proper use of the email system, password administration guidelines, login requirements and desktop security. Some of the training activities that can help protect against risks and liabilities associated with human resource management technology and digital communications can include sensitizing employees about policy changes, in-person seminars and web-based courses. Requiring employees to sign a security awareness agreement at the end of every training session enhances employees’ adherence to policies on human resource technology and digital communications security policies (Kerr et. al., 2011). The human resource department should adopt mechanism that can help detect user violations of responsible and acceptable use of human resource technology and digital communications which can bring risks and predispose the organization to liabilities. Timely detection of such violations enables timely mitigation of risks and the management of the things that damage a company’s reputation and brand. The human resource department should require auditors to assess for the effectiveness and adequacy of IT security policies and procedures to protect against risks and

Short analytical memo report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Short analytical memo report - Essay Example The research investigated three charitable organizations within the Halifax regional municipality to establish ways through which the company can support the organizations humanitarian activities through other charitable acts in addition to direct fiscal assistance. The investigative undertaking took advantage of various research methods such carrying out surveys, correlation and a case study of two charitable organizations within the Halifax region, Research Methods (2011).The report begins by an individual description of the two charitable organizations followed by an attempt to match the organizations activities and the company’s objectives. This forms the main body of the report while the summary explains how the particular charity is more beneficial to the company than the rest. Finally, the report concludes by declaring a recommendation. According to Parker Street (2011), this registered non profit agency is responsible for the provision of food, furnishings, skills improvement, and mentoring and support assistance to residents of Halifax regional Municipality. The organization commenced its operations in early nineteen eighties as a food bank. The furniture part commenced operation in mid nineteen nineties at a dissimilar location before combining to form the present major organization. Over the years, it has progressively participated in charitable activities. Parker Street is charity organizations that respect the existence of individuals and are involved in activities to eliminate racism, poverty and other social ills and injustices. They strive to build societies that are concerned about people’s welfare irrespective of their areas of origin, devout affiliations or social and political stand, (Parker Street, 2011). Notably, it formed the IT program in the year 2001 in collaboration with the local Nova Scotia Community college through which scores of students

Cuadra v. Monfort case digest Essay Example for Free

Cuadra v. Monfort case digest Essay Maria Teresa Cuadra and Maria Teresa Monfort were classmates in Grade Six at the Mabini Elementary School in Bacolod City. On July 9, 1962 their teacher assigned them, together with three other classmates, to weed the grass in the school premises. While thus engaged Maria Teresa Monfort found a plastic headband, an ornamental object commonly worn by young girls over their hair. Jokingly she said aloud that she had found an earthworm and, evidently to frighten the Cuadra girl, tossed the object at her. At that precise moment the latter turned around to face her friend, and the object hit her right eye. Smarting from the pain, she rubbed the injured part and treated it with some powder. The next day, July 10, the eye became swollen and it was then that the girl related the incident to her parents, who thereupon took her to a doctor for treatment. She underwent surgical operation twice, on July 20 and August 4, 1962 respectively, and stayed in the hospital for a total of twenty-three days, for all of which the parents spent the sum of P1,703.75. Despite the medical efforts, however, Maria Teresa Cuadra completely lost the sight of her right eye. Maria Teresa Cuadra’s parents sued Alfonso Monfort (Maria Teresa Monfort’s father) based on Article 2180 of the Civil Code. Issues: Whether or not Alfonso Monfort should be held liable under Article 2180. Business Law Ruling of the court: The defendant is not liable and therefore cannot be sued under Article 2180. This article provides that the father and, in case of his death or incapacity, the mother, are responsible for the damages caused by the minor children who live in their company. The basis of this vicarious, although primary, liability is, as in Article 2176, fault or negligence, which is presumed from that which accompanied the causative act or omission. The presumption is merely based on the ï ¬ rst impression(prima facie) and may therefore be rebutted. This is the clear and logical inference that may be drawn from the last paragraph of Article 2180, which states that the responsibility treated of in this Article shall cease when the persons herein mentioned prove that they observed all the diligence of a good father of a family to prevent damage.† In this case, there is nothing from which it may be inferred that the defendant, Alfonso Monfort, could have prevented the damage by the observance of due care, or that he was in any way remiss in the exercise of his parental authority in failing to foresee such damage, or the act which caused it. On the contrary, his child was at school, where it was his duty to send her and where she was, as he had the right to expect her to be, under the care and supervision of the teacher. And as far as the act which caused the injury was concerned, it was an innocent prank not unusual among children at play and which no parent, however careful, would have any special reason to anticipate much less guard against. Nor did it reveal any mischievous propensity, or indeed any trait in the childs character which would reï ¬â€šect unfavorably on her upbringing and for which the blame could be attributed to her parents.

The Second World War (WWII) - News Article :: World War 2 II Two

The Bomb Was Dropped Today is the day after the mass destruction of Hiroshima. On Monday, August 6th the first atomic bomb to be used in war fare was dropped. The atomic bomb â€Å"Little Boy† as they called it was drooped at approximately 8:15am Japanese standard time. The B-29 Bomber â€Å"Enola Gay† was the one to have dropped the atomic bomb yesterday which caused mass destruction. When the bomb reached approximately 2,000 feet above the surface it was detonated. Reports say that â€Å"Little Boy† caused a massive wind that leveled houses up to 1.5 miles from the center of the explosion. â€Å"A bright light filled the plane," wrote Lt. Col. Paul Tibbets, the pilot of the Enola Gay, the B-29 that dropped the first atomic bomb. "We turned back to look at Hiroshima. The city was hidden by that awful cloud...boiling up, mushrooming." He was astonished at what they have done. Today the day after the drop of â€Å"Little Boy† it is unknown of the amount of deaths and it is believed to be in the tens of thousands. What will happen next? Will we see Japan surrender the war? In the up coming days we will see how this concludes. Today is the day after the mass destruction of Hiroshima. On Monday, August 6th the first atomic bomb to be used in war fare was dropped. The atomic bomb â€Å"Little Boy† as they called it was drooped at approximately 8:15am Japanese standard time. The B-29 Bomber â€Å"Enola Gay† was the one to have dropped the atomic bomb yesterday which caused mass destruction. When the bomb reached approximately 2,000 feet above the surface it was detonated. Reports say that â€Å"Little Boy† caused a massive wind that leveled houses up to 1.5 miles from the center of the explosion. â€Å"A bright light filled the plane," wrote Lt. Col. Paul Tibbets, the pilot of the Enola Gay, the B-29 that dropped the first atomic bomb.

Child Psychology Essay

Q1 what are the six sensitive periods? Write 7-8 lines on each of them. Answer. After working with children from all backgrounds, Maria Montessori concluded that despite their differences all children experience a time span when he/she acquires specific knowledge from his surroundings through his focused activities and that too without getting bored and tired. This time span or time periods are called as the sensitive periods. As and when the need of knowledge and understanding has been fulfilled, a child’s sensitivity naturally moves on to acquiring a new one. Thus, Maria Montessori observed six sensitive periods. They are as follows; 1. Sensitivity to Order 2. Sensitivity for refinement of senses 3. Sensitivity to Language 4. Sensitivity for walking 5. Sensitivity for small objects 6. Sensitivity to social aspects of life. 1. Sensitivity to Order: Appears in child’s 1st year and continues through the 4th year. Order is a sensitive period that exemplifies a child’s desire for consistency and repetition, along with established routines. The child has two different perspectives to order, the external order which relates to his/her environment and the inner order which makes him/her aware of his/her own external body parts and their relative position. A child who goes through this period can be extremely affected by disorder. The environment for this period should accommodate the need of order. During this period, the child desires to sort out and sequence everything that is appropriately placed for him/her to do so. Eventually this sense of order will become a permanent part of him/her. Stacking cups, resting stackers are great material to promote order. 2. Sensitivity for refinement of senses: It begins from the time a child crawls till the 8th yr. of his age. Refinement of the senses is a fascination with the five human senses i.e., the taste, sound, touch, smell and vision. In order to interact with the environment, children need to use their senses. The sharper the senses, the more information children can program in their mind. And it will stay so throughout their adult years. In this period the children also begin to co-ordinate the interaction between all the senses. Feel and touch books and boards, smelling bottles etc are good to enhance the sensing activity in children. 3. Sensitivity to language: This period lasts from the birth to 6yrs. A child begins his/her journey towards acquiring language by listening and observing others speak in their environment. And almost magically, a child babbles his/her first words. Soon he/she starts constructing grammatically correct phrases and sentences. All of this has developed as a result of the child’s inner need towards acquiring language. Dr. Montessori says that if for any reason a child is not exposed to language during sensitive period, he/she will suffer limitation in his/her intellectual growth that can never be totally compensated. First picture word books are good to promote sensitivity to language. 4. Sensitivity for walking: This period starts from 1yr. onwards. No other mammal has to learn to walk. Walking develops without it being taught. A child becomes frustrated when an adult impedes his motion by picking him/her up. A child walks to perfect his walking, whereas we walk to go someplace. Once the child has done perfecting to walk, it’s time to jump, hop, skip, climb, carry things, and balance objects etc. Balance beam, slides etc. are good to promote sensitivity for walking. 5. Sensitivity for small objects: From 1yr. till 4yrs. After perfecting to walk, a child focuses on using his/her hand. He/she wants to pick up small objects e.g. Small insects, pebbles, stones, grass etc. Thus he/she tries to refine his/her hand-eye co-ordination. The sensitive period for small objects also describes a child’s fixation on small things and tiny details. Thus, this is the child’s effort to build-up an understanding of the world. 6. Sensitivity to social aspects: It starts from about 21/2 yrs. Through 6yrs. At this age children starts understanding that they are a part of a group and thus begin to co-operate with others. This allows him/her to be safe and socially acceptable in his environment. Any deprivation of social interaction during this period will make him/her less socially confident and uncomfortable around others. Play dates, group activities are good to promote sensitivity to social aspects. All the learning that happens during the sensitive period of a child can happen quietly and unnoticed as long as the environment satisfies the child’s needs. Child’s learning during these stages is the foundation upon which much of their future gets built. Q2. What are the three stages of child development? Write two paragraphs on each of the two sub-phases of the first stage: 0 to 6 years. Answer: Child development stages are developmental milestones or specific achievement that children reach by a certain age. The three stages of child development are:- 1. First stage( 0 to 6years): – It has two sub phases: a. 0 to 3years b. 3 to 6 years 2. Second stage (6 to 12 years): This is a stage when a child is calm, happy, and self assured. They seek the company of their friends. 3. Third stage( 12 to 18years ): It has two sub phases: a. 12 to 15years(Puberty) b. 15 to 18years(Adolescent) There is a transformation in both physical and mental development of the child in this stage. 1. First stage: This stage is between 0 to 6years. It has two sub phases. The sensitive periods are the strongest in this stage. The sub phase 0 to 3years is also called as the unconscious absorbent mind. The child has a mind that cannot be taught by direct methods of teaching. Thus, there are no schools for this age children. Whatever the child learns is unconsciously from his environment by using his sense of seeing and hearing. Provision of a suitable environment greatly helps a child in this stage. The sub phase 3 to 6years is also called as the conscious absorbent mind. Child becomes receptive to adult influence. The child starts developing a personality by remembering and using what he learnt in first 3years of his/her life. The sense of touch is coordinated with the mind. Hands become a main tool of learning. This stage is also a time for social development and making friends. Q3. Write a short note on: A) Natural laws of development B) Characteristics of child development A) Natural laws of development Child development refers to the physical, mental and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from being dependent to being independent. According to the laws of growth and development â€Å"Man creates himself†. The child is the constructor and maker of the adult or as to say father of the man. In the prenatal period the child has established all the vital organs which after birth are developed enough for survival. Nature has its own laws regarding what the human being should achieve, when and how. Genetics also plays its critical part. It is difficult for us to decide when we adults can and should take over the tasks hitherto done by nature. For example: a child cannot be forced to start walking before the right stage. Thus it’s for the parents and educators to provide a suitable environment, where a child will be free to develop, to learn to walk and explore and thus growing within the laws of natural development. The natural development of children proceeds through several distinct stages of development, each one having its own unique conditions and sensitive periods for acquiring basic knowledge in the developmental process. We cannot interfere with these laws of growth. We are facilitators and observers only. And each child has their own stages of learning and understanding the world around. B) Characteristics of child development Human development has two aspects- physical and mental or psychical. Dr. Maria Montessori identified certain human characteristics and they are- self preservation, orientation to the environment, communication, order, exploration, work or purposeful activity, exactness, repetition, abstraction etc. These human characteristics are the driving behavior in every stage of development of a child, and education should respond to and facilitate their expression. A well prepared environment is what is needed so that specific characteristics of a child at different ages are given a free expression. Its function will be to allow a child to develop wholly and independently in all areas. Education is not about a certain curriculum to be completed in a certain class and age; instead it is about developing a child into a whole human being by letting the child learn without force. The child will be stimulated to develop to his/her full potential as per his/her innate characteristics because of this prepared environment.

2 Body Paragraphs- Journey of the Magi

Journey of the Magi- T. S Eliot Two body paragraphs using PEEAL, including 2/3 good examples This poem, Journey of the magi by T. S Eliot explores the idea that a journey can involve obstacles and challenges. The magi are faced with difficulties, hardships and discomforts such as the hostility from the natural world and humans and sleep deprivation. In the first stanza the line â€Å"The ways deep and the weather sharp† an inverted syntax is used to put emphasis on the sufferings and difficulties of the journey.Along with this line in the first stanza a list of complaints are written, â€Å" Then the camel men cursing and grumbling/ and running away, and wanting their liquor and women,/ and the night-fires going out, and the lack of their shelters, and the cities hostile and the towns unfriendly/ and the villages dirty, and charging high prices. :† the use of listing in this stanza conveys to the reader the adversities faced by the animals, men and the magi. Listing cre ates a accumulative effect, causing the impact and feel of the complications to increase as the list goes on.An assumption about journeys that can be made from this poem is also that physical journeys lead to personal growth or altered perspectives. The magi once they have witnessed the birth of Jesus cannot see anything in the same light anymore. The line in the last stanza â€Å"I should be glad of another death† suggests the persona almost looks forward to his eventual death now that he understands that there is life after death. It could also mean that the persona yearns for another renewal or another moment of new understanding. In the last stanza the line â€Å"but set down/This set down.This:† is an enjambment that places emphasis on the new understanding that the magi have achieved. It is also a monosyllabic line, which arrests the pace of the poem and forces the reader to stop and pay attention to the message of the persona. A great example showing the change of perspective by the magi would be at the end of stanza 3, the word choice of â€Å"these kingdoms† and â€Å"alien† adds to the magi’s feelings of separation from the old world order and â€Å"palaces† in stanza 1 compared to the choice of words in stanza 3 â€Å"places† illustrates the idea of a new perception and outlook on life.

Cell Answers Essay Example

Cell Answers Essay Example Cell Answers Paper Cell Answers Paper 1. Confirm your understanding of cell specialization by listing six systems in the human body and naming at least one specialized cell found in each system. Nervous system neurons Digestive system – exocrine cells Respiratory epithelial cells Musclular liver cells Reproductive sperm cells Circulartory red blood cells 2. Use the analogy of the cell as a manufacturing factory to describe the function of the following cell structures: plasma membrane, mitochondria, nucleus, Golgi, ribosomes, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum. Plasma membrane acts like a fence Mitochondira – electrical source for factory, provides energy Nucleus – manager of factory, the control center of it all Golgi – distribution shipping department, send out the product to where it needs to go Ribosomes – where the good/products made, could be considered a worker in factory, making the products Endoplasmic reticulum – hallways in factory, used for travel of information and product Lysosomes – a back up generator incase power goes out, the janitor/maintence man, and the delete button that can ultimately destroy the entire factory. 3. In adults, over 90% of all cancers are either adenomas or carcinomas. In fact, cancers of the skin, lung, colon, breast, and prostate are all in these categories. Which one of the four basic tissue types gives rise to most cancers? Why might this type of tissue be so susceptible to cancer? I think the epithelial tissue gives rise to most cancers. I think this because of all the tissues it is the most exposed and the largest in the human body. It can come in thin or thick layers making some areas more susceptible than others depending on exposure. Its ability to absorb can lead to absorption of harmful chemicals and toxins. If something in this system fails, like its secretion function in the stomach, then other systems in the human body such as the digestive system, will cease to function properly. 4. Explain why our epithelial tissue heal more rapidly than other types of tissue. This tissue lacks blood vessels. â€Å"They are nourished by substances that diffuse from underlying connective tissue, which are well supplied with blood vessels. Epithelial cells reproduce routinely. As a result, injuries to epithelium are likely to heal rapidly as new cells replace lost or damaged ones. † (Mindbodyhealth. 2010) Mindbodyhealth. 2010. Epithelial Support with Peak ATP. Retrieved from: mindbodyhealth. com/RoexEpithelial. htm Rizzo, D. (2010). The human body. (3rd Ed. ) Fundamentals of anatomy physiology. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar, Cengage Learning.

Atomic Radius Definition and Trend

Atomic Radius Definition and Trend Atomic radius is a term used to describe the size of an atom, however, there is no standard definition for this value. An atomic radius may refer to the ionic radius, covalent radius, metallic radius, or van der Waals radius. Atomic Radius Periodic Table Trends No matter what criteria you use to describe the atomic radius, the size of an atom is dependent on how far out its electrons extend. The atomic radius of an element tends to increase the further down you go in an element group. Thats because the  electrons become more tightly packed as you move across the periodic table, so while there are more electrons for elements of increasing atomic number, the atomic radius may decrease. The atomic radius moving down an element period  or column tends to increase because an additional electron shell is added for each new row. In general, the largest atoms are at the bottom lefthand side of the periodic table. Atomic Radius Versus Ionic Radius The atomic and ionic radius is the same for atoms of neutral elements, such as argon, krypton, and neon. However, many atoms of elements are more stable as atomic ions. If the atom loses its outermost electron, it becomes a cation or positively charged ion. Examples include K and Na. Some atoms might lose multiple outer electrons, such as Ca2. When electrons are removed from an atom, it might lose its outermost electron shell, making the ionic radius smaller than the atomic radius. In contrast, some atoms are more stable if they gain one or more electrons, forming an anion or negatively charged atomic ion. Examples include Cl- and F-. Because another electron shell isnt added, the size difference between the atomic radius and ionic radius of an anion isnt as much as for a cation. The anion ionic radius is the same as or slightly larger than the atomic radius. Overall, the trend for the ionic radius is the same as for the atomic radius: increasing in size moving across and decreasing moving down the periodic table. However, its tricky to measure the ionic radius, not least because charged atomic ions repel each other. Measuring Atomic Radius You cant put atoms under a normal microscope and measure their size- although you can kind of do it using an atomic force microscope. Also, atoms dont sit still for examination; they are constantly in motion. Thus, any measure of atomic (or ionic) radius is an estimate that contains a large margin of error. The atomic radius is measured based on the distance between the nuclei of two atoms that are barely touching each other, which means the electron shells of the two atoms are just touching each other. This diameter between the atoms is divided by two to give the radius. Its important, however, that the two atoms dont share a chemical bond (e.g., O2, H2) because the bond implies an overlap of the electron shells or a shared outer shell. The atomic radii of atoms cited in the literature are usually empirical data taken from crystals. For newer elements, the atomic radii are theoretical or calculated values, based on the probable size of the electron shells. How Big Are Atoms? A picometer is 1-trillionth of a meter. The atomic radius of the hydrogen atom is about 53 picometers.The atomic radius of an iron atom is about 156 picometers.The largest measured atom is cesium, which has a radius of about 298 picometers.

Leading through effective communication Term Paper

Leading through effective communication - Term Paper Example Although indecisive and less manipulative, this personality style makes for good leaders. Strong communication and an accommodating nature is what accounts for the strengths of these leaders. Communication styles and methods in effective leadership The importance of effective communication is especially felt while leading a group. The need for purposeful transfer of meaning to influence a person or a group of persons account is especially crucial for effective leadership. In other words it can be said that communication acts as a tool which is used by the leaders and it is the degree of successful use of this tool which determines how effective would be the leadership. Communication in leadership comprises of the entire range of resources and communication skills for creating and delivering messages across the two parties, overcoming interferences, directing, motivating and inspiring others for actions. As commented by Axelrod (2006), effective leadership is largely a matter of effec tive communication (Barrett, 2006, p.5). According to the views of Mayfield and Mayfield (2004), effective leaderships employ such communication process which motivates employees to accomplish their tasks. It is the communication style of leadership which helps to gain commitment towards the organizational purpose and mission (Jolley, 2010, p.25). According to Bass (1990), the participative style of leadership was associated with a high degree of honest, open, informal and two way communication. This particular style of communication is especially effective in resolving conflicts providing a common platform for the two parties to present their grievances against each other and generating a... The study reveals that communication is a predominant requirement in effective leadership. However, communication styles are different for different people depending on their personalities they display and the characteristics that they demonstrate. It is also apparent that leadership styles are shaped by the personalities that individuals possess and thus consequently the communication style that they use. However, according to the views of researchers and authors, irrespective of the leadership styles that an individual demonstrate the need for effective communication is an absolutely essential for effective leadership. Moreover, with globalization and organizational structures becoming highly complex and attracting talents from all over the world, organizations are working with people belonging to diverse cultural backgrounds. Thus the levels of differences and conflicts have also gone up. Thus leaders demonstrating the power to resolve conflicts, and overcome communication and cul tural barrier and high negotiating skills are found to be most successful in leading followers. Thus among all the leadership styles the participative style is recommended in today’s organizations. This demonstrates an open and honest form of communication style which allows both parties to confront and communicate with each other. It emphasises greatly on resolving organizational conflicts by providing a common platform for all to present their grievances and problems and consequently arriving at a suitable solution.